PRuler: Regular English Pronunciation

Version 1.01 by Mark Huckvale

These rules constitute a definition of Regular English Pronunciation.

Exceptions

 13. #/LY\#=lI             0.689%  0.000%     LIKE-LY -> laIklI
 15. #/MENT\#=m@nt         0.389%  0.000%     TREAT-MENT -> tritm@nt
 24. #/A\#=eI              2.227%  0.025%     A -> eI
 25. #/ARE\#=AR            0.455%  0.004%     ARE -> AR
 26. #/AS\#={z             0.691%  0.000%     AS -> {z
 27. #/B\#=bi              0.031%  0.000%     B -> bi
 28. #/C\#=si              0.045%  0.000%     C -> si
 29. #/COULD\#=kUd         0.161%  0.000%     COULD -> kUd
 30. #/D\#=di              0.019%  0.001%     D -> di
 31. #/DO\#=du             0.159%  0.000%     DO -> du
 32. #/DOES\#=dVz          0.056%  0.000%     DOES -> dVz
 33. #/DON'T\#=d@Unt       0.061%  0.000%     DON'T -> d@Unt
 34. #/E\#=i               0.028%  0.001%     E -> i
 35. #/F\#=ef              0.012%  0.000%     F -> ef
 36. #/G\#=dZi             0.018%  0.002%     E.G. -> idZi
 37. #/H\#=eItS            0.014%  0.000%     H -> eItS
 38. #/HAS\#=h{z           0.264%  0.000%     HAS -> h{z
 39. #/HAVE\#=h{v          0.462%  0.000%     HAVE -> h{v
 40. #/HER\#=h3R           0.334%  0.000%     HER -> h3R
 41. #/HIS\#=hIz           0.457%  0.000%     HIS -> hIz
 42. #/HOW\#=haU           0.160%  0.000%     HOW -> haU
 43. #/I\#=aI              0.660%  0.000%     I -> aI
 44. #/IS\#=Iz             0.976%  0.000%     IS -> Iz
 45. #/J\#=dZeI            0.008%  0.000%     J. -> dZeI
 46. #/K\#=keI             0.028%  0.000%     U.K. -> jukeI
 47. #/L\#=el              0.013%  0.000%     L -> el
 48. #/M\#=em              0.037%  0.000%     M -> em
 49. #/N\#=en              0.017%  0.000%     N -> en
 50. #/O\#=@U              0.008%  0.001%     O -> @U
 51. #/OF\#=Qv             3.227%  0.000%     OF -> Qv
 52. #/ONE\#=wVn           0.595%  0.000%     ONE -> wVn
 53. #/P\#=pi              0.058%  0.000%     P. -> pi
 54. #/Q\#=kju             0.006%  0.000%     Q.V. -> kjuvi
 55. #/R\#=AR              0.020%  0.003%     R -> AR
 56. #/S\#=es              0.025%  0.000%     S -> es
 57. #/SHE\#=Si            0.346%  0.000%     SHE -> Si
 58. #/SHOULD\#=SUd        0.110%  0.000%     SHOULD -> SUd
 59. #/SOME\#=sVm          0.219%  0.000%     SOME -> sVm
 60. #/T\#=ti              0.020%  0.000%     T -> ti
 61. #/THAN\#=D{n          0.151%  0.000%     THAN -> D{n
 62. #/THAT\#=D{t          0.993%  0.000%     THAT -> D{t
 63. #/THE\#=D@            6.296%  0.000%     THE -> D@
 64. #/THEIR\#=De@R        0.271%  0.000%     THEIR -> De@R
 65. #/THEM\#=Dem          0.154%  0.024%     THEM -> Dem
 66. #/THEN\#=Den          0.137%  0.000%     THEN -> Den
 67. #/THERE\#=De@R        0.308%  0.000%     THERE -> De@R
 68. #/THESE\#=Diz         0.122%  0.000%     THESE -> Diz
 69. #/THEY\#=DeI          0.347%  0.011%     THEY -> DeI
 70. #/THIS\#=DIs          0.439%  0.000%     THIS -> DIs
 71. #/THOSE\#=D@Uz        0.083%  0.000%     THOSE -> D@Uz
 72. #/TO\#=tu             2.821%  0.000%     TO -> tu
 73. #/TWO\#=tu            0.346%  0.000%     TWO -> tu
 74. #/U\#=ju              0.023%  0.001%     U.K. -> jukeI
 75. #/V\#=vi              0.029%  0.000%     V -> vi
 76. #/W\#=dVb@lju         0.006%  0.000%     W -> dVb@lju
 77. #/WANT\#=wQnt         0.075%  0.000%     WANT -> wQnt
 78. #/WAS\#=wQz           0.911%  0.000%     WAS -> wQz
 79. #/WHAT\#=wQt          0.200%  0.000%     WHAT -> wQt
 80. #/WHERE\#=we@R        0.119%  0.000%     WHERE -> we@R
 81. #/WHOLE\#=h@Ul        0.033%  0.000%     WHOLE -> h@Ul
 83. #/WITH\#=wID          0.690%  0.001%     WITH -> wID
 84. #/WOULD\#=wUd         0.242%  0.000%     WOULD -> wUd
 85. #/X\#=eks             0.008%  0.000%     X -> eks
 86. #/Y\#=waI             0.003%  0.000%     Y -> waI
 87. #/YOU\#=ju            0.422%  0.023%     YOU -> ju
 88. #/Z\#=zed             0.001%  0.000%     Z -> zed

Prefixes

  1. #/BE+\=bI             0.243%  0.000%     BE+CAME -> bIkeIm
  2. #/RE+\=rI             0.412%  0.021%     RE+PORT -> rIpOt
 82. #/WHO\=hu             0.240%  0.000%     WHO -> hu
 93. #/WH\=w               0.778%  0.000%     WHICH -> wItS
 94. #/KN\=n               0.178%  0.000%     KNOW -> n@U
183. #/WR\=R               0.078%  0.000%     WRONG -> rQN

Suffixes

  3. /-ABLE\#=@b@l         0.078%  0.005%     RE+MARK-ABLE -> rImAk@b@l
  4. /-AGE\=IdZ            0.059%  0.002%     MAN-AGE-ER -> m{nIdZ@R
  5. /-AL\#=@l             0.345%  0.010%     HOSPIT-AL -> hQspIt@l
  6. /-ARY\=@rI            0.019%  0.000%     
  7. /ATION\#=eIS@n        0.538%  0.084%     STATION -> steIS@n
  8. /-ED\#=-d             2.797%  0.221%     CALL-ED -> kOld
  9. /-ES\#=-s             1.057%  0.022%     GO-ES -> g@Uz
 10. /-EST\#=Ist           0.043%  0.000%     LARGE-EST -> lAdZIst
 11. /-FUL\#=fUl           0.058%  0.000%     CARE-FUL -> ke@fUl
 14. /-TY\#=tI             0.576%  0.000%     TWEN-TY -> twentI
 16. /-N'T\#=@nt           0.124%  0.007%     DID-N'T -> dId@nt
 17. /-S\#=-s              3.967%  0.040%     YEAR-S -> jI@z
 18. /-'S\=-s              0.303%  0.000%     IT-'S -> Its
 19. /-S'\#=-s             0.005%  0.000%     YEAR-S' -> jI@z
 20. /SSION\#=S@n          0.098%  0.001%     DISCUSSION -> dIskVS@n
 21. /SION\#=Z@n           0.106%  0.037%     DIVISION -> dIvIZ@n
 22. /TION\#=S@n           0.615%  0.072%     ACTION -> {kS@n
 23. /-Y\#=I               0.146%  0.000%     EIGHT-Y -> eItI
 99. /DGE\#=dZ             0.069%  0.000%     EDGE -> edZ
100. /GE\#=dZ              0.570%  0.007%     LARGE -> lAdZ
119. /ARE\#=e@R            0.186%  0.000%     CARE -> ke@R
121. /ER\#=@R              2.638%  0.458%     OVER -> @Uv@R
123. /URE\#=@R             0.281%  0.154%     FIGURE -> fIg@R

Letter 'A'

106. /A\LL=O               0.489%  0.171%     ALL -> Ol
124. /AI\=eI               0.617%  0.545%     MAIN -> meIn
125. /AU\=O                0.199%  0.142%     PAUL -> pOl
139. /A\^E=eI              1.825%  0.714%     MADE -> meId
140. /A\NGE=eI             0.153%  0.009%     CHANGE -> tSeIndZ
148. /AR\=AR               0.974%  0.775%     PART -> pAt
149. /AW\.=@w              0.090%  0.005%     AWAY -> @weI
150. /AW\=O                0.112%  0.002%     LAW -> lO
151. /AY\=eI               0.806%  0.057%     MAY -> meI
195. ^/A\#=@               0.151%  0.021%     EXTRA -> ekstr@
196. /A\={                 6.979%  5.478%     AND -> {nd

Letter 'B'

103. /BB\=b                0.012%  0.001%     RUBBISH -> rVbIS
160. /B\=b                 5.263%  0.306%     BE -> bi

Letter 'C'

 90. S/CH\=k               0.074%  0.006%     
 91. /CH\^=k               0.074%  0.002%     TECHNIC-AL -> teknIk@l
 92. /CH\=tS               1.420%  0.119%     WHICH -> wItS
161. /C\E=s                1.852%  0.156%     SINCE -> sIns
163. /C\I=s                0.316%  0.316%     CITY -> sItI
164. /C\Y=s                0.106%  0.001%     FANCY -> f{nsI
165. /CK\=k                0.446%  0.004%     BACK -> b{k
166. /C\=k                 5.453%  0.877%     CAN -> k{n

Letter 'D'

104. /DD\=d                0.118%  0.001%     ADD-ED -> {dId
193. /D\=d                10.600%  0.553%     AND -> {nd

Letter 'E'

116. /EAR\=I@R             0.344%  0.245%     YEAR-S -> jI@z
120. /EA\D=e               0.236%  0.037%     HEAD -> hed
126. /EA\=i                0.923%  0.524%     EACH -> itS
127. /EE\=i                1.953%  0.035%     NINE-TEEN -> naIntin
141. #^/E\#=i              1.807%  0.291%     BE -> bi
143. ^/E\#=                                 
152. /ER\=3R               0.784%  1.618%     WERE -> w3R
153. /EW\=u                0.276%  0.026%     DREW -> dru
197. /E\=e                 5.190%  6.330%     WHEN -> wen

Letter 'F'

105. /FF\=f                0.428%  0.072%     OFF -> Qf
167. /F\=f                 5.417%  0.312%     FOR -> fOR

Letter 'G'

168. /GG\=g                0.023%  0.038%     STRUGGLE -> strVg@l
169. /G\Y=dZ               0.054%  0.001%     CLERGY -> kl3dZI
170. /GH\=                                  
171. /G\=g                 1.900%  0.698%     GOOD -> gUd

Letter 'H'

173. /H\=h                 2.832%  0.211%     HE -> hi

Letter 'I'

 95. ^/I\GH=aI             0.400%  0.000%     RIGHT -> raIt
128. /IA\=I@               0.194%  0.375%     WILLIAM -> wIlI@m
129. /IE\=i                0.162%  0.453%     FIELD -> fild
130. /IO\=I@               0.156%  0.259%     MILLION -> mIlI@n
144. /I\^E#=aI             2.239%  0.899%     NINE-TEEN -> naIntin
154. /IR\=3R               0.415%  0.157%     FIRST -> f3st
198. /I\=I                12.947%  2.140%     IN -> In

Letter 'J'

174. /J\=dZ                0.546%  0.056%     JUST -> dZVst

Letter 'K'

175. /K\=k                 1.697%  0.015%     LIKE -> laIk

Letter 'L'

 12. L#/LY\#=I             0.199%  0.000%     PAIN-FUL-LY -> peInfUlI
107. /LL\=l                1.619%  0.120%     ALL -> Ol
142. ^/LE\#=@l             0.708%  0.031%     LITTLE -> lIt@l
176. /L\=l                 8.151%  1.201%     LIKE -> laIk

Letter 'M'

108. /MM\=m                0.178%  0.090%     PRO+GRAMME -> pr@Ugr{m
177. /M\=m                 7.072%  0.815%     FROM -> frQm

Letter 'N'

101. /NG\=N                2.766%  0.120%     BE-ING -> biIN
102. /NK\=Nk               0.183%  0.001%     THINK -> TINk
109. /NN\=n                0.128%  0.001%     MANNER -> m{n@R
178. /N\=n                20.145%  1.575%     AND -> {nd

Letter 'O'

117. /OOR\=OR              0.067%  0.002%     DOOR -> dOR
118. /OUR\=OR              0.475%  0.284%     FOUR -> fOR
122. W/OR\=3R              0.329%  0.008%     WORK -> w3k
131. /OA\=@U               0.130%  0.041%     ROAD -> r@Ud
132. /OE\=@U               0.019%  0.006%     JOE -> dZ@U
133. /OI\=OI               0.259%  0.013%     POINT -> pOInt
134. /OO\=U                0.377%  0.329%     GOOD -> gUd
135. /OU\=aU               1.177%  0.683%     OUT -> aUt
145. /O\^E=@U              0.789%  1.623%     OVER -> @Uv@R
146. ^/O\#=@U              0.928%  0.047%     SO -> s@U
155. /OR\=OR               2.304%  0.638%     FOR -> fOR
156. /OW\=@U               0.575%  0.369%     KNOW -> n@U
157. /OY\=OI               0.113%  0.000%     BOY -> bOI
199. /O\=Q                 3.958%  4.003%     ON -> Qn

Letter 'P'

110. /PP\=p                0.268%  0.131%     HAPPY -> h{pI
172. /PH\=f                0.110%  0.020%     PHONE -> f@Un
179. /P\=p                 6.000%  0.586%     UP -> Vp

Letter 'Q'

180. /Q\=k                 0.272%  0.108%     QUITE -> kwaIt

Letter 'R'

111. /RR\=R                0.275%  0.028%     CARRY -> k{rI
192. /R\=R                 7.193%  0.533%     FROM -> frQm

Letter 'S'

 98. /SH\=S                0.733%  0.015%     BRIT-ISH -> brItIS
112. /SS\=s                0.735%  0.193%     LESS -> les
162. /SC\I=s               0.036%  0.012%     FASCINATE-ING -> f{sIneItIN
194. /S\=s                 9.268%  2.328%     SO -> s@U

Letter 'T'

 89. /TCH\=tS              0.091%  0.000%     MATCH -> m{tS
 96. /TH\ER=D              0.375%  0.173%     FURTHER -> f3D@R
 97. /TH\=T                1.529%  0.296%     THREE -> Tri
113. /TT\=t                0.403%  0.035%     LITTLE -> lIt@l
181. /T\=t                16.076%  1.780%     IT -> It

Letter 'U'

115. Q/U\=w                0.262%  0.113%     QUITE -> kwaIt
136. /UA\=U@               0.139%  0.066%     
137. /UE\=u                0.207%  0.075%     TRUE -> tru
138. /UI\=I                0.091%  0.049%     BUILD-ING -> bIldIN
147. /U\^E=ju              0.443%  0.276%     PRODUCE -> prQdjus
158. /UR\=3R               0.332%  0.216%     FURTHER -> f3D@R
159. /UY\=aI               0.026%  0.000%     BUY -> baI
200. /U\=V                 2.662%  1.597%     BUT -> bVt

Letter 'V'

182. /V\=v                 3.234%  0.663%     FIVE -> faIv

Letter 'W'

184. /W\=w                 2.786%  0.192%     WERE -> w3R

Letter 'X'

185. /X\=ks                0.688%  0.286%     SIX -> sIks

Letter 'Y'

186. ^/Y\^=I               0.165%  0.118%     TYPIC-AL -> tIpIk@l
187. #^^/Y\#=aI            0.134%  0.000%     WHY -> waI
188. #^/Y\#=aI             0.697%  0.021%     BY -> baI
189. /Y\.=j                0.519%  0.076%     YOUR -> jOR
190. /Y\=I                 2.629%  0.155%     PARTY -> pAtI

Letter 'Z'

114. /ZZ\=z                0.003%  0.000%     JAZZ -> dZ{z
191. /Z\=z                 0.214%  0.027%     SIZE -> saIz

Miscellaneous

Statistics

Totals: 66 exceptions, 6 prefixes, 23 suffixes, 105 rules.
Performance: 65.38% text coverage, 75.94% speech coverage
File: C:\src\regeng\pruler\Release\regpron101.rls, saved on Wednesday March 05, 2003

PRuler Version 1.2 | Mark Huckvale | University College London | http://www.regularenglish.com/